Johansson Mikael, Mecklinger Axel, Treese Anne-Cécile
Experimental Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2004 Dec;16(10):1840-53. doi: 10.1162/0898929042947883.
This study examined emotional influences on the hypothesized event-related potential (ERP) correlates of familiarity and recollection (Experiment 1) and the states of awareness (Experiment 2) accompanying recognition memory for faces differing in facial affect. Participants made gender judgments to positive, negative, and neutral faces at study and were in the test phase instructed to discriminate between studied and nonstudied faces. Whereas old-new discrimination was unaffected by facial expression, negative faces were recollected to a greater extent than both positive and neutral faces as reflected in the parietal ERP old-new effect and in the proportion of remember judgments. Moreover, emotion-specific modulations were observed in frontally recorded ERPs elicited by correctly rejected new faces that concurred with a more liberal response criterion for emotional as compared to neutral faces. Taken together, the results are consistent with the view that processes promoting recollection are facilitated for negative events and that emotion may affect recognition performance by influencing criterion setting mediated by the prefrontal cortex.
本研究考察了情绪对面部表情不同的面孔识别记忆中假设的与熟悉度和回忆相关的事件相关电位（ERP）的影响（实验1），以及伴随的意识状态（实验2）。参与者在学习阶段对积极、消极和中性面孔进行性别判断，并在测试阶段被要求区分学过的面孔和未学过的面孔。虽然新旧面孔辨别不受面部表情影响，但顶叶ERP新旧效应和“记得”判断比例表明，消极面孔比积极和中性面孔被回忆的程度更高。此外，对于正确拒绝的新面孔，在额叶记录的ERP中观察到了情绪特异性调制，这与对情绪面孔相比中性面孔采用更宽松反应标准相一致。综合来看，这些结果与以下观点一致：促进回忆的过程在消极事件中更容易，并且情绪可能通过影响前额叶皮层介导的标准设定来影响识别表现。
