Wong Jason H, Peterson Matthew S, Hillstrom Anne P
Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
J Vis. 2007 Sep 17;7(12):3.1-10. doi: 10.1167/7.12.3.
The abrupt onset of objects often involuntarily captures attention (J. Jonides & S. Yantis, 1988) and the eyes (J. Theeuwes, A. F. Kramer, S. Hahn, & D. Irwin, 1998). The new-object hypothesis proposes that the appearance of something new (new semantic and structural information and/or spatiotemporal newness), not the accompanying low-level perceptual transients, causes an involuntary reorienting of attention (S. Yantis & A. P. Hillstrom, 1994). We investigated whether semantic and structural changes alone are sufficient to capture the eyes as strongly as abrupt onsets do. Observers moved their eyes to a target object while another object either onset or smoothly and quickly morphed. If semantic and structural changes are sufficient to capture the eyes, morphs should capture the eyes as strongly as onsets do. Results show that morphs were not fixated first as often as onsets. These findings indicate that new semantic and structural information alone is far less effective at capturing the eyes as onsets.
物体的突然出现常常会不由自主地吸引注意力（J. 乔尼德斯和S. 扬蒂斯，1988年）以及眼睛的注视（J. 泰厄韦斯、A. F. 克莱默、S. 哈恩和D. 欧文，1998年）。新物体假说提出，新事物的出现（新的语义和结构信息及/或时空新颖性），而非伴随的低层次感知瞬变，会导致注意力的不由自主重新定向（S. 扬蒂斯和A. P. 希尔斯特伦，1994年）。我们研究了单独的语义和结构变化是否足以像突然出现那样强烈地吸引眼睛的注视。观察者将眼睛移向一个目标物体，同时另一个物体要么突然出现，要么平稳快速地变形。如果语义和结构变化足以吸引眼睛的注视，那么变形应该会像突然出现一样强烈地吸引眼睛的注视。结果表明，变形物体不像突然出现的物体那样经常被首先注视。这些发现表明，仅靠新的语义和结构信息在吸引眼睛注视方面远不如突然出现有效。
