Mortazavi S M J, Heidari P, Esfandiari H, Motamedi M
Iranian Tissue Bank (Research and Preparation Centre), Tehran, Iran.
Haemophilia. 2008 Jan;14(1):85-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2007.01585.x. Epub 2007 Nov 13.
Flexion deformity of the haemophilic knee is a considerable cause of disability and may need to be managed surgically in severe cases. We have used a trapezoid supracondylar femoral extension osteotomy to correct severe knee flexion deformity. Nine severe haemophilic patients with contractures >30 degrees that were unresponsive to conservative measures underwent 11 trapezoid osteotomies. The angle of deformity was measured using anteroposterior and lateral knee X-ray films at maximum extension. Factor levels of 80-100% were achieved before the operation. A trapezoid osteotomy of the distal femur bone was performed using a lateral approach. The frontal plane angular deformity (if any) was corrected at the same time. The osteotomy site was fixed using an Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteo synthesefragen (AO) condylar blade plate. Following surgery, the knee was supported by a plaster splint at 20 degrees of flexion. Physiotherapy was started on third postoperative day and continued three times a week. There was no serious complication. The deformities were corrected in all of the patients and the mean range of motion increased form 68.6 degrees to 98.1 degrees . Bleeding episodes decreased in all four knees which had a bleeding score of 3 before surgery. Using the Orthopaedic Advisory Committee of the World Federation of Haemophilia scores, nine good and two fair results were obtained. All patients regained the ability to walk for both short and long distance without any aid, climb the stairs, bath, and use public transportation. Trapezoid supracondylar femoral extension osteotomy should be considered in the surgical management of severe haemophilic flexion deformity of the knee joint.
血友病性膝关节屈曲畸形是导致残疾的一个重要原因,严重病例可能需要手术治疗。我们采用股骨髁上梯形延长截骨术来矫正严重的膝关节屈曲畸形。9例严重血友病患者,挛缩>30度且对保守治疗无反应,接受了11次梯形截骨术。在最大伸展位时,通过膝关节正侧位X线片测量畸形角度。术前将凝血因子水平提高到80 - 100%。采用外侧入路对股骨远端进行梯形截骨。同时矫正额状面角畸形(如有)。截骨部位用AO髁支持钢板固定。术后,膝关节用石膏夹板固定在屈曲20度位。术后第三天开始物理治疗,每周进行三次。无严重并发症。所有患者的畸形均得到矫正,平均活动范围从68.6度增加到98.1度。术前出血评分为3分的4个膝关节的出血发作次数均减少。根据世界血友病联盟骨科咨询委员会的评分,9例结果良好,2例结果尚可。所有患者都恢复了独立短距离和长距离行走、上下楼梯、洗澡及使用公共交通工具的能力。对于严重血友病性膝关节屈曲畸形的手术治疗,应考虑采用股骨髁上梯形延长截骨术。