Sun Xiaoyan, Fu Xiaobing, Sheng Zhiyong
Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Wound Repair Regen. 2007 Nov-Dec;15(6):775-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-475X.2007.00282.x.
Stem cells are cells that, upon division, produce new stem cells as well as daughter cells that initiate differentiation along a specific lineage. The epidermis is a rapidly self-renewing tissue. The epidermis maintains homeostasis by constant proliferation of the basal layer of rapidly dividing progeny of stem cells-epidermal stem cells. However, the diversity between epithelial functions in different organs makes it difficult to determine whether common properties exist in regulating these related epidermal stem cells. Recently, studies have confirmed that adult stem cells reside in specific niches. Signals emanating from the niche regulate stem cell self-renewal, survival, and maintenance; surrounding support microenvironment and cell-cell adhesion between stem cells and surrounding support cells also contribute to these cells' remarkable behavior. In addition, a combination of localized signaling pathways and autonomously acting proteins has proved to contribute to skin stem cells' proliferation and asymmetric divisions. In this paper, we focus on comparing several kinds of stem cells in the epidermis, signaling influences of the stem cell and its niche in actively self-renewing epithelia, and introducing something new and something borrowed.
干细胞是一类细胞，在分裂时会产生新的干细胞以及开始沿特定谱系分化的子细胞。表皮是一种快速自我更新的组织。表皮通过干细胞（表皮干细胞）快速分裂的子代细胞的基底层持续增殖来维持体内平衡。然而，不同器官上皮功能之间的差异使得难以确定在调节这些相关表皮干细胞方面是否存在共同特性。最近，研究证实成体干细胞存在于特定的微环境中。来自微环境的信号调节干细胞的自我更新、存活和维持；周围的支持微环境以及干细胞与周围支持细胞之间的细胞 - 细胞黏附也有助于这些细胞的显著行为。此外，已证明局部信号通路和自主作用蛋白的组合有助于皮肤干细胞的增殖和不对称分裂。在本文中，我们专注于比较表皮中的几种干细胞、干细胞及其微环境在活跃自我更新上皮中的信号影响，并介绍一些新的和借鉴的内容。
