Linn T, Federlin K
Medizinische Klinik III und Poliklinik, Universität Giessen.
Immun Infekt. 1991 Dec;19(6):164-6.
Insulitis is a lymphocytic infiltration of islets of Langerhans occurring together with a selective loss of beta cells. Infiltrating cells spread from peripheral islet vessels to the centre of a given islet. In humans, insulitis is believed to be associated with autoimmune phenomena, e.g. autoantibodies to beta cells. Insulitis is seen in IDDM of man with young age of onset and short duration of disease. In animal models, insulitis is not necessarily associated with autoimmunity. From animal studies it is known that insulitis does not always end up with manifestation of diabetes in a given animal. Experimental data provide evidence for a dysregulated immune system recognizing beta-cell-specific antigens and producing beta-cell-cytotoxic lymphocytes. On the other hand, the surface of the beta cell changes induced by viral infection or environmental toxins and thereby becomes the target of an immune attack.
胰岛炎是指胰岛发生淋巴细胞浸润，同时伴有β细胞选择性丧失。浸润细胞从胰岛外周血管扩散至特定胰岛的中心。在人类中，胰岛炎被认为与自身免疫现象有关，例如针对β细胞的自身抗体。胰岛炎见于发病年龄较轻且病程较短的人类胰岛素依赖型糖尿病。在动物模型中，胰岛炎不一定与自身免疫有关。从动物研究可知，胰岛炎在特定动物中并不总是会发展为糖尿病。实验数据为免疫系统失调提供了证据，该失调的免疫系统识别β细胞特异性抗原并产生β细胞毒性淋巴细胞。另一方面，病毒感染或环境毒素可诱导β细胞表面发生变化，从而使其成为免疫攻击的目标。
