Chugaev Iu P, Charykova G P
Probl Tuberk. 1991(12):17-8.
Manifestations of tuberculosis infection were studied in 168 infants aged 3 months to 3 years of whom 32.7% had not been given BCG vaccine at birth and 67.3% received improper vaccination (the postvaccinal skin signs were absent in all patients). In 58.9% of the infants, local tuberculosis ran along with complications: dissemination into the lungs and other organs were detected in 44.4%, bronchopulmonary lesions in 42.4%, destruction of lung tissue in 18.2% and tuberculous extrapulmonary lesions in 28.3% of the infants. Specific changes were located in several organs in 9.1%. Tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes and primary tuberculosis complex had a complicated course 2.2 times and 3.2 times more frequently, respectively, in BCG unvaccinated than in vaccinated infants. Acute tuberculosis (tuberculous meningitis, miliary and progressive tuberculosis with fatal outcome) in infancy is common in 75-100% of the unvaccinated children. Hence immunoprophylaxis of tuberculosis in newborns must be developed and improved.
对168名3个月至3岁的婴儿的结核感染表现进行了研究，其中32.7%的婴儿出生时未接种卡介苗，67.3%的婴儿接种不当（所有患者均无接种后的皮肤体征）。58.9%的婴儿局部结核伴有并发症：44.4%的婴儿检测到肺部和其他器官播散，42.4%的婴儿有支气管肺部病变，18.2%的婴儿有肺组织破坏，28.3%的婴儿有肺外结核病变。9.1%的婴儿多个器官有特异性改变。未接种卡介苗的婴儿，胸内淋巴结结核和原发性结核复合征病程复杂的频率分别比接种疫苗的婴儿高2.2倍和3.2倍。婴儿期的急性结核（结核性脑膜炎、粟粒性和进行性结核伴致命结局）在75%至100%未接种疫苗的儿童中很常见。因此，必须制定和改进新生儿结核病的免疫预防措施。
