Waki Hironori, Tontonoz Peter
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Annu Rev Pathol. 2007;2:31-56. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pathol.2.010506.091859.
Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Dissection of the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity and its relationship to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome are essential for developing new strategies for prevention and treatment of these disorders. Both excess adipose tissue and lack of adipose tissue cause insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, suggesting that normal fat is required for the maintenance of systemic glucose and lipid homeostasis. Recent advances in obesity research have led to the recognition that adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes multiple bioactive factors termed adipokines. Secretion of adipokines provides a link between adipose tissue lipid accumulation and the metabolic function of other tissues such as liver and muscle. Dysregulation of adipokines is emerging as an important mechanism by which adipose tissue contributes to systemic insulin resistance and metabolic disease.
肥胖是2型糖尿病、血脂异常和心血管疾病的危险因素。剖析肥胖背后的分子机制及其与胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征的关系，对于制定预防和治疗这些疾病的新策略至关重要。过多的脂肪组织和脂肪组织缺乏都会导致胰岛素抵抗和血脂异常，这表明维持全身葡萄糖和脂质稳态需要正常的脂肪。肥胖研究的最新进展使人们认识到，脂肪组织是一个活跃的内分泌器官，它分泌多种被称为脂肪因子的生物活性因子。脂肪因子的分泌在脂肪组织脂质积累与肝脏和肌肉等其他组织的代谢功能之间建立了联系。脂肪因子失调正成为脂肪组织导致全身胰岛素抵抗和代谢疾病的重要机制。
