Tuchschmid S, Bajka M, Szczerba D, Lloyd B, Székely G, Harders M
Computer Vision Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv. 2007;10(Pt 1):717-24. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-75757-3_87.
We simulate the intravasation of liquid distention media into the systemic circulation as it occurs during hysteroscopy and transurethral resection of the prostate. A linear network flow model is extended with a correction for non-newtonian blood behaviour in small vessels and an appropriate handling of vessel compliance. We then integrate a fast lookup scheme in order to allow for real-time simulation. Cutting of tissue is accounted for by adjusting pressure boundary conditions for all cut vessels. We investigate the influence of changing distention fluid pressure settings and of the position of tissue cuts. Our simulation predicts significant intravasation only on the venous side, and just in cases when larger veins are cut. The implemented methods allow the realistic control of bleeding for short-term and the total resulting intravasation volume for long-term complication scenarios. While the simulation is fast enough to support real-time training, it is also adequate for explaining intravasation effects which were previously observed on a phenomenological level only.
我们模拟了宫腔镜检查和经尿道前列腺切除术过程中液体扩张介质进入体循环的血管内渗情况。一个线性网络流动模型通过对小血管中非牛顿血液行为的校正和对血管顺应性的适当处理进行了扩展。然后，我们集成了一种快速查找方案，以便进行实时模拟。通过调整所有切断血管的压力边界条件来考虑组织切割。我们研究了改变扩张液压力设置和组织切割位置的影响。我们的模拟预测仅在静脉侧会发生显著的血管内渗，且仅在较大静脉被切断的情况下。所实施的方法能够对短期出血进行现实的控制，并对长期并发症情况下总的血管内渗体积进行控制。虽然该模拟速度足够快以支持实时训练，但它也足以解释以前仅在现象学层面上观察到的血管内渗效应。
