Jirsa F, Konecny R, Frank C
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Emerging Focus Molecular Phylogenetics University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
J Helminthol. 2008 Mar;82(1):53-8. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X07873548. Epub 2007 Dec 6.
Between April 2003 and November 2006 a total of 198 nase Chondrostoma nasus (L.) were examined for parasites from seven river sites in Austria. The selected sites showed different levels of anthropogenic alterations in river morphology ranging from pristine areas, with minor anthropogenic alterations, to strongly physically altered rivers. A variety of parasites were recovered from the skin, gills, swimbladder and eyes, with Caryophyllaeus laticeps (Pallas) being identified as the only cestode species occurring in the intestine. This is the first record of this species in nase in Austria. Caryophyllaeus laticeps was confined to the first 20% of the intestine, even in heavily infected hosts. The occurrence of C. laticeps within the fish population seems to be correlated with the degree of anthropogenic changes of the nase's habitat. In rivers with a high degree of ecological integrity or in rivers that are only partially dammed, C. laticeps is either absent in C. nasus or occurs with low prevalence (5.6-20%) and low mean intensity values (1.0-4.0). Where anthropogenic factors have changed the entire river into a reservoir, and fish cannot escape, the prevalence of infection with C. laticeps increases from 46.2 to 78.2% and the mean intensity from 8.8 to 17.2.
2003年4月至2006年11月期间，对奥地利七个河流站点的198条欧洲雅罗鱼（Chondrostoma nasus (L.)）进行了寄生虫检查。所选站点在河流形态方面呈现出不同程度的人为改变，范围从原始区域（人为改变较小）到物理状态强烈改变的河流。从皮肤、鳃、鳔和眼睛中发现了多种寄生虫，其中宽叶鲤蠢绦虫（Caryophyllaeus laticeps (Pallas)）被确定为肠道中出现的唯一绦虫种类。这是该物种在奥地利雅罗鱼体内的首次记录。即使在感染严重的宿主中，宽叶鲤蠢绦虫也局限于肠道的前20%。宽叶鲤蠢绦虫在鱼群中的出现似乎与雅罗鱼栖息地的人为变化程度相关。在生态完整性高的河流或仅部分筑坝的河流中，欧洲雅罗鱼体内要么没有宽叶鲤蠢绦虫，要么感染率低（5.6 - 20%）且平均感染强度值低（1.0 - 4.0）。在人为因素已将整条河流变成水库且鱼无法逃脱的地方，宽叶鲤蠢绦虫的感染率从46.2%增至78.2%，平均感染强度从8.8增至17.2。
