澳大利亚一项新的针对婴儿及在校青少年的全民乙肝疫苗接种计划的影响。
The impact of a new universal infant and school-based adolescent hepatitis B vaccination program in Australia.
作者信息
Gidding Heather F, Warlow Margaret, MacIntyre C Raina, Backhouse Josephine, Gilbert Gwendolyn L, Quinn Helen E, McIntyre Peter B
机构信息
Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Public Health and Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research Building, 3rd Floor, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
出版信息
Vaccine. 2007 Dec 12;25(51):8637-41. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.07.046. Epub 2007 Aug 13.
We compared the results of two national serosurveys in Australia to evaluate the impact of universal infant vaccination and school-based programs for adolescents. Immunity improved significantly overall, especially in 1-year-olds (40.0% versus 86%; p<0.0001); in adolescents it was significantly higher in regions with established school-based programs (56.6% versus 38.8%; p=0.0008). 6.1% of 1-59-year-olds were positive for HBcAb and 0.7% for HBsAg. We have demonstrated successful implementation of universal infant hepatitis B vaccination in Australia and that school-based programs for adolescents are effective. This experience should be applicable to low prevalence countries in northern Europe which have not implemented universal hepatitis B immunisation.
我们比较了澳大利亚两项全国性血清学调查的结果，以评估普及婴儿疫苗接种和针对青少年的学校项目的影响。总体免疫力有显著提高，尤其是1岁儿童（从40.0%升至86%；p<0.0001）；在开展了既定学校项目的地区，青少年的免疫力显著更高（56.6%对38.8%；p=0.0008）。1至59岁人群中，6.1%的人乙肝核心抗体呈阳性，0.7%的人乙肝表面抗原呈阳性。我们证明了澳大利亚成功实施了普及婴儿乙肝疫苗接种，且针对青少年的学校项目是有效的。这一经验应适用于北欧尚未实施普及乙肝免疫接种的低流行率国家。
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