Liu Zhen, Shao Zong-Ze
Life Science College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2007 Oct;47(5):869-73.
Deep sea sediment samples of the South Sea of China were used for isolation and biodiversity examination of hydrocarbon degrading bacterium. 48 isolates were obtained from the enrichments with hexadecane as the sole carbon sources. Among them, 27 isolates were capable of degrading alkane; and 4 could produce biosurfactant significantly as determined by the surface tension measurement. 2 isolates belonging to Dietzia maris lowered water surface tension to 33 mN/m. This is the first report about D. maris in biosurfactant production. The results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) and DNA sequencing suggested that Bacillus was the dominant member in the hexadecane enriched communities. Isolates of Bacillus aquimaris were demonstrated to be the most predominant degraders in all 7 samples at 2 sampling sites. In addition, Sporosarcina, Halomonas and Brevibacterium were also found as one of the dominant members in some samples. Therefore, species of Bacillus might play an important role in alkane degradation in the sediments of the sampling sites.
中国南海深海沉积物样本被用于烃降解菌的分离和生物多样性检测。以十六烷作为唯一碳源进行富集培养，获得了48株分离菌。其中，27株分离菌能够降解烷烃；通过表面张力测量确定，4株能够显著产生生物表面活性剂。属于海迪茨氏菌（Dietzia maris）的2株分离菌可将水的表面张力降至33 mN/m。这是关于海迪茨氏菌产生物表面活性剂的首次报道。聚合酶链反应（PCR）结合变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）及DNA测序结果表明，芽孢杆菌属是十六烷富集菌群中的优势成员。在两个采样点的所有7个样本中，海栖芽孢杆菌（Bacillus aquimaris）的分离菌被证明是最主要的降解菌。此外，在一些样本中还发现，芽孢八叠球菌属、嗜盐单胞菌属和短杆菌属也是优势成员之一。因此，芽孢杆菌属的菌种可能在采样点沉积物中的烷烃降解过程中发挥重要作用。
