Gaeta Giovanni Battista, Stornaiuolo Gianfranca
Acute and Chronic Hepatitis Unit, University of Naples II, Italy.
Dig Liver Dis. 2007 Nov;39 Suppl 3:S372-8. doi: 10.1016/S1590-8658(07)60017-6.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)viral load is closely related to necroinflammation and the outcome of chronic hepatitis B. The available treatment options to reduce viral load, and hence improve outcome, are either based on IFN or on nucleoside/nucleotide analogue antiviral agents, which inhibit HBVDNA replication. Use of IFN alfa or pegylated IFN alfa-2a for periods longer than 48 weeks is limited by their side-effects. The antiviral agents have much more acceptable side-effect profiles, and lamivudine, the first antiviral to become available, was widely used until it became apparent that it carries a high potential for resistance to emerge, which rapidly negates its benefit. A new antiviral agent, telbivudine, has been approved in the USA and Europe and appears to be very rapid and potent against HBV, with an excellent safety profile.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）载量与坏死性炎症及慢性乙型肝炎的预后密切相关。现有的降低病毒载量从而改善预后的治疗选择，要么基于干扰素，要么基于抑制HBV DNA复制的核苷/核苷酸类似物抗病毒药物。使用α干扰素或聚乙二醇化α-2a干扰素超过48周会受到其副作用的限制。抗病毒药物的副作用更易被接受，首个可用的抗病毒药物拉米夫定曾被广泛使用，直到人们发现它有很高的耐药性出现的可能性，这迅速抵消了其益处。一种新的抗病毒药物替比夫定已在美国和欧洲获批，它似乎对HBV起效非常迅速且强效，安全性良好。
