Krziwanek K, Luger C, Sammer B, Stumvoll S, Stammler M, Sagel U, Witte W, Mittermayer H
National Reference Centre for Nosocomial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, Elisabethinen Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008 Mar;14(3):250-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01896.x. Epub 2007 Dec 5.
The aim of this study was to provide an overview of predominant and sporadic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in large regions of Austria, and to compare the results with those from other European countries. In total, 1439 MRSA isolates, collected routinely between January 1996 and June 2006 from five Austrian federal provinces, were investigated. The isolates were confirmed as MRSA using mecA/femA multiplex PCR assays. Genes encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), which are characteristic of community-acquired MRSA, were also detected by PCR. Subtyping was performed using SmaI macrorestriction digestion of genomic DNA, followed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and cluster analysis. Isolates that could not be assigned to clusters were further analysed by spa typing and/or multilocus sequence typing. The predominant clones detected in Austria were ST228 (southern German epidemic clone), ST5 (Rhine-Hessen MRSA), the ST8 Austrian clone and CC8/ST8. Whereas the frequencies of lineages corresponding to ST247, ST45 and ST22 remained comparably low, an increase in the frequency of lineages corresponding to ST5 and to ST228 was recorded. Overall, 20 different MRSA types and 321 subtypes were recognised according to PFGE analysis. The prevalence of different strains varied considerably in the different Austrian regions. When compared to other European countries, the situation in Austria was most similar to that found in Germany.
本研究的目的是概述奥地利大片地区主要的和散发的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）菌株，并将结果与其他欧洲国家的结果进行比较。总共调查了1996年1月至2006年6月期间从奥地利五个联邦省份常规收集的1439株MRSA分离株。使用mecA/femA多重PCR检测法确认这些分离株为MRSA。还通过PCR检测了编码社区获得性MRSA特征性的杀白细胞素（PVL）的基因。使用基因组DNA的SmaI宏观限制性消化进行亚型分析，随后进行脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和聚类分析。无法归入聚类的分离株通过spa分型和/或多位点序列分型进一步分析。在奥地利检测到的主要克隆是ST228（德国南部流行克隆）、ST5（莱茵-黑森MRSA）、ST8奥地利克隆和CC8/ST8。虽然与ST247、ST45和ST22相对应的谱系频率仍然相对较低，但记录到与ST5和ST228相对应的谱系频率有所增加。总体而言，根据PFGE分析识别出20种不同的MRSA类型和321种亚型。不同MRSA菌株的流行率在奥地利不同地区差异很大。与其他欧洲国家相比，奥地利的情况与德国最为相似。
