Oyebode J R, Telling A L, Hardy R M, Austin J
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK.
Aging Ment Health. 2007 Nov;11(6):761-7. doi: 10.1080/13607860701366277.
To compare awareness of memory in people with early Alzheimer's disease (AD) with older and younger control groups in order to clarify the contributions of disease and ageing. Twenty-one individuals with early AD, 32 older people (OP) and 32 younger people (YP) estimated their performance before and following each of four tests of memory. Those with AD significantly overestimated performance prior to testing, confirming the presence of unawareness for prediction. Their estimates were adjusted for age in a similar way to those of OP, who predicted their performance accurately. Younger people significantly underestimated their performance. Following memory tests, YP and those with AD significantly adjusted their ratings towards greater accuracy but on average those with AD still overestimated. There were variations in post-test ratings from over to under prediction in all three groups. Heightened awareness post-performance may open possibilities of cognitive rehabilitation to consolidate momentary into more long-term awareness, whilst the operation of possible psychosocial influences suggests that emotion oriented interventions to increase acceptance and decrease shame might be helpful.
为比较早期阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者与老年和年轻对照组对记忆的认知，以阐明疾病和衰老的影响。21名早期AD患者、32名老年人（OP）和32名年轻人（YP）在四项记忆测试中的每项测试前后估计自己的表现。AD患者在测试前显著高估了表现，证实存在预测无意识。他们的估计值与准确预测自己表现的OP的估计值以类似方式进行了年龄调整。年轻人显著低估了自己的表现。记忆测试后，YP和AD患者显著将他们的评分调整得更准确，但平均而言，AD患者仍然高估了。三组测试后的评分从高估到低估都存在差异。表现后增强的认知可能为认知康复开辟可能性，以将瞬间认知巩固为更长期的认知，而可能的社会心理影响的作用表明，以情感为导向的干预措施，以增加接受度和减少羞耻感可能会有所帮助。
