Kaustell K O, Mattila T E A, Rautiainen R H
MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Vihti.
J Agric Saf Health. 2007 Nov;13(4):395-406. doi: 10.13031/2013.23925.
Slip, trip, and fall (STF) injuries are common in agriculture. The aims of this study were to characterize STF injuries and to identify floor-related safety problems that can be reduced or eliminated through building design. Our material consisted of Finnish agricultural injury claim records for the period 1992-2002. The material included 6,414 slip, trip, and fall injuries that occurred in dairy, beef and swine production and were caused by floor structures. We examined coded information and injury descriptions to identify causes and contributing factors. The performance approach (PA) was used as a framework for discussing findings and their application to building design. PA provides a logic model for building design that considers the needs of workers, animals, and production processes. Nearly half (42%) of agricultural injuries occurred in dairy, beef, and swine production work. Fourteen percent of these injuries were slips, trips, and falls (STF) related to floor structures. More than 450 work years were lost due to disability resulting from these injuries. Many STF injuries occurred in milking (n = 1135), moving feeds (n = 962), and animal transport and care (n = 880). More than half (59%) of STF injuries occurred while carrying or moving a load. STF injury causes included floors, door sills, gutters, curbs, steps, ramps, grates, and contaminants like water, ice, snow, manure, detergent, forage, and hay. Men had a lower STF injury risk compared to women (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.61-0.67). The magnitude and nature of STF injuries suggest that there is a need for improving the safety performance of floors and related structures. Key areas include slip-resistant floorings, effective contamination control, macro structures (elevations, entrances, access ways), and logistics for materials handling and storage spaces.
滑倒、绊倒和跌倒（STF）伤害在农业中很常见。本研究的目的是描述STF伤害的特征，并识别可通过建筑设计减少或消除的与地面相关的安全问题。我们的材料包括1992年至2002年期间芬兰农业伤害索赔记录。该材料包含6414起发生在奶牛、肉牛和生猪生产中且由地面结构导致的滑倒、绊倒和跌倒伤害。我们检查了编码信息和伤害描述以确定原因和促成因素。性能方法（PA）被用作讨论研究结果及其在建筑设计中的应用的框架。PA为建筑设计提供了一个逻辑模型，该模型考虑了工人、动物和生产过程的需求。近一半（42%）的农业伤害发生在奶牛、肉牛和生猪生产工作中。其中14%的伤害是与地面结构相关的滑倒、绊倒和跌倒。这些伤害导致的残疾使超过450个工作年损失。许多STF伤害发生在挤奶（n = 1135）、搬运饲料（n = 962）以及动物运输和护理（n = 880）过程中。超过一半（59%）的STF伤害发生在搬运或移动负载时。STF伤害的原因包括地面、门槛、排水沟、路缘、台阶、坡道、格栅以及水、冰、雪、粪便、洗涤剂、草料和干草等污染物。与女性相比，男性的STF伤害风险较低（相对风险 = 0.63，95%置信区间：0.61 - 0.67）。STF伤害的严重程度和性质表明有必要提高地面及相关结构的安全性能。关键领域包括防滑地面、有效的污染控制、宏观结构（凸起、入口、通道）以及物料搬运和储存空间的物流。
