Fuller Barry J, Paynter Sharon J
University Department of Surgery, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK.
Methods Mol Biol. 2007;368:325-39. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-362-2_23.
The cryopreservation of mammalian embryos has expanded over the past 20 yr by encompassing a range of sophisticated methods to deal with different developmental stages and different sensitivities to low-temperature exposure. We have described a method for slow, controlled-rate freezing of early stage embryos based on exposure to 1,2-propanediol and sucrose, while the method for late-stage (blastocyst) embryos employs mixtures of glycerol and sucrose. Both methods have been used for animal and human embryos. A third rapid cooling or "vitrification" technique is described, which depends on brief but controlled exposure of multicellular embryos to mixtures of glycerol and 1,2-propanediol at high concentrations. This technique is used for successful animal embryo cryopreservation but is not yet widely applied in the clinic.
在过去20年里，哺乳动物胚胎冷冻保存技术不断发展，涵盖了一系列复杂方法，以应对不同发育阶段以及对低温暴露的不同敏感性。我们描述了一种基于1,2 - 丙二醇和蔗糖的早期胚胎慢速、程序降温冷冻方法，而晚期（囊胚）胚胎的冷冻方法则使用甘油和蔗糖的混合物。这两种方法都已应用于动物和人类胚胎。本文还介绍了第三种快速冷却或“玻璃化”技术，该技术依赖于将多细胞胚胎短暂但精确地暴露于高浓度甘油和1,2 - 丙二醇的混合物中。这种技术已成功用于动物胚胎冷冻保存，但尚未在临床上广泛应用。
