Sansoni Diana, D'Angelo Tonino, Passamonti Mauro, Tarulli Sabrina, Olori Maria Patrizia, Viviani Giancarlo
Ospedale Mazzoni Ascoli Piceno, Italy.
Ig Sanita Pubbl. 2007 Sep-Oct;63(5):587-98.
Data regarding the observance of infection control practices in ambulatory healthcare settings is scarce. This type of data is important since the health care system has evolved in such a way that hospital stays are now briefer and there is an increased provision of healthcare in outpatient settings, such as day surgery, day hospital and ambulatory care services. Studies have shown that transmission of infectious diseases in outpatient health care settings is often associated with lack of, or insufficient adherence to, evidence-based preventive measures. Outpatients have less risk factors for nosocomial infections than inpatients, nevertheless, some high risk settings include physicians' waiting rooms (airborne and droplet transmission) and outpatient settings in which invasive procedures are performed. Preventive strategies consist in verifying the adherence to infection control guidelines (this should be done by specifically trained personnel), developing disinfection and sterilization protocols for medical devices (that are comparable to those used in hospitals), training of healthcare personnel, and development of efficacy-based infection control protocols for outpatient settings.
关于门诊医疗环境中感染控制措施遵守情况的数据很少。这类数据很重要，因为医疗保健系统已经发展到现在住院时间更短，并且在门诊环境中提供的医疗服务有所增加，如日间手术、日间医院和门诊护理服务。研究表明，门诊医疗环境中传染病的传播通常与缺乏或未充分遵守循证预防措施有关。门诊患者发生医院感染的风险因素比住院患者少，然而，一些高风险环境包括医生候诊室（空气传播和飞沫传播）以及进行侵入性操作的门诊环境。预防策略包括核查对感染控制指南的遵守情况（应由经过专门培训的人员进行）、制定与医院使用的类似的医疗设备消毒和灭菌方案、对医护人员进行培训以及为门诊环境制定基于效果的感染控制方案。
