Tichon Jennifer Gay
Perception and Motor Systems Laboratory, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Cyberpsychol Behav. 2007 Dec;10(6):781-7. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2007.0005.
In the rail industry, drivers must be trained to operate complex heavy machinery while responding appropriately to rapidly unfolding events in environments that are expensive and often dangerous to replicate in the real world. Virtual training environments (VTEs) can deliver stress exposure training to improve the decision-making skills of train drivers. Higher levels of recallable knowledge in the real world have been linked directly to the degree to which trainees have been engrossed in their VTE, an experience often measured through the concept of "presence." This paper reports on the use of presence to guide improvements to a VTE developed to deliver driver training in degraded track conditions. Two surveys were used to collect data on train drivers' introspective feedback on the level of presence created by the virtual rail environment and the simulator's effectiveness in generating immersion across a range of presence causal factors. Results indicate that using presence to investigate VTEs has practical significance. Outcomes provide direct information on where future improvements and modifications to the VTE can be made.
在铁路行业,驾驶员必须接受培训,以便在操作复杂重型机械的同时,在现实世界中难以复制且成本高昂、往往危险的环境中,对迅速展开的事件做出适当反应。虚拟训练环境(VTE)可以提供压力暴露训练,以提高火车驾驶员的决策技能。在现实世界中,更高水平的可回忆知识与学员沉浸于虚拟训练环境的程度直接相关,这种体验通常通过“临场感”这一概念来衡量。本文报告了如何利用临场感来指导改进一个为在退化轨道条件下提供驾驶员培训而开发的虚拟训练环境。通过两项调查收集了关于火车驾驶员对虚拟铁路环境所营造的临场感水平以及模拟器在一系列临场感因果因素方面产生沉浸感的有效性的内省反馈数据。结果表明,利用临场感来研究虚拟训练环境具有实际意义。研究结果提供了有关未来可对虚拟训练环境进行改进和修改之处的直接信息。