Chiecchio A, Bo A
Servizio di Fisica Sanitaria, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1991;27(3):377-84.
Method evaluation, control of data and transformation of laboratory results into diagnoses all involve a decision step. A survey of the statistical tools available to organize the information and check the congruity of decision making is provided is focused on: (a) the use of classical statistical tools (including computer based simulation and replication techniques) which enable theoretical distributions to be obtained and their optimal limits to be defined for classification purposes; (b) the analysis of multivariate distributions, which evidences the relationships among the variables involved, whatever they might be: e.g. results obtained on the same specimens with different methods (in test evaluation), different laboratory data related to the same pathophysiological situations (in making diagnoses), etc. As for the latter, the most common techniques of statistical analysis of data (discriminant and cluster analysis, principal components analysis) are also illustrated by general examples.
方法评估、数据控制以及将实验室结果转化为诊断均涉及决策步骤。本文着重介绍了一些可用于整理信息并检查决策一致性的统计工具：(a) 使用经典统计工具（包括基于计算机的模拟和复制技术），这些工具能够获得理论分布并为分类目的定义其最佳界限；(b) 分析多元分布，这可以揭示所涉及变量之间的关系，无论这些变量是什么：例如，用不同方法对同一标本获得的结果（在测试评估中）、与相同病理生理情况相关的不同实验室数据（在进行诊断时）等。至于后者，还通过一般示例说明了最常用的数据统计分析技术（判别分析和聚类分析、主成分分析）。
