Ponce Julio, Martínez Beatriz, Fernández Alberto, Ponce Marta, Bastida Guillermo, Plá Encarna, Garrigues Vicente, Ortiz Vicente
Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Jan;20(1):56-61. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3281108058.
An increase in the prevalence of constipation during pregnancy has been suggested to occur. We designed a prospective study to evaluate the prevalence of constipation during pregnancy and puerperium, to investigate possible associations with eating habits and lifestyle, and to evaluate the frequency of laxative use. A structured questionnaire was developed addressing demographics, obstetric characteristics, lifestyle, eating habits, variables required for the diagnosis of constipation, and laxative use to evaluate the prevalence of constipation during pregnancy and puerperium. The questionnaire was administered in the obstetric clinic in the first trimester of pregnancy, and by telephone in the second and third trimesters, and in the puerperal period. The prevalence of self-reported constipation in these time periods was 45.4, 37.1, 39.4, and 41.8%, respectively. Prevalence defined by the Rome II criteria for the same time periods was 29.6, 19, 21.8, and 24.7%. These values were similar to the data previously reported for the female population. Agreement between the self-reported and Rome II results was moderate. The self-reported criterion showed high sensitivity in all time periods, using the Rome II criterion as gold-standard. No factor was associated with variations in the prevalence of constipation during pregnancy, though an increase was recorded in the consumption of fruit, vegetables, fiber, and water. The prevalence of constipation during pregnancy and puerperium is similar to that recorded among the female population from the same geographic area.
有人提出孕期便秘的患病率会增加。我们设计了一项前瞻性研究，以评估孕期和产褥期便秘的患病率，调查其与饮食习惯和生活方式的可能关联，并评估泻药的使用频率。我们编制了一份结构化问卷，涉及人口统计学、产科特征、生活方式、饮食习惯、便秘诊断所需变量以及泻药使用情况，以评估孕期和产褥期便秘的患病率。该问卷在孕早期于产科诊所发放，孕中期和孕晚期以及产褥期通过电话发放。这些时间段自我报告的便秘患病率分别为45.4%、37.1%、39.4%和41.8%。同一时间段根据罗马II标准定义的患病率分别为29.6%、19%、21.8%和24.7%。这些值与先前报道的女性人群数据相似。自我报告结果与罗马II标准结果之间的一致性为中等。以罗马II标准为金标准，自我报告标准在所有时间段均显示出高敏感性。孕期便秘患病率的变化与任何因素均无关联，不过水果、蔬菜、纤维和水的摄入量有所增加。孕期和产褥期便秘的患病率与来自同一地理区域的女性人群记录的患病率相似。
