White Ross G, McCleery Muriel, Gumley Andrew I, Mulholland Ciaran
School of Psychology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007 Dec;195(12):968-75. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31815c1a1d.
Risk factors for the development of hopelessness in schizophrenia remain poorly understood. This study investigated how psychiatric symptom levels and beliefs about illness might be linked to hopelessness in 100 patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia. Participants were assessed on the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), the Personal Beliefs about Illness Questionnaire (PBIQ), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Severe levels of hopelessness were found in 25% of the sample. There were significant differences between the hopeless and nonhopeless participants on the PBIQ subscales, SANS and BPRS. Differences on the PBIQ subscales remained significant when depression scores were controlled for. The total CDSS score, the "humiliating need to be marginalized" PBIQ subscale, and total BPRS score contributed significantly to a model accounting for 60% of the variance in hopelessness scores. Processes potentially implicated in the emergence of hopelessness in schizophrenia are discussed.
精神分裂症中绝望感产生的风险因素仍未得到充分理解。本研究调查了100名符合DSM-IV精神分裂症诊断标准的患者的精神症状水平和对疾病的信念与绝望感之间可能存在的联系。参与者接受了贝克绝望量表（BHS）、卡尔加里精神分裂症抑郁量表（CDSS）、疾病个人信念问卷（PBIQ）、简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）以及阴性症状评定量表（SANS）的评估。在样本中，25%的患者存在严重的绝望感。在PBIQ分量表、SANS和BPRS上，绝望组与非绝望组参与者之间存在显著差异。在控制抑郁得分后，PBIQ分量表上的差异仍然显著。CDSS总分、PBIQ“被边缘化的羞辱性需求”分量表总分以及BPRS总分对一个解释了绝望感得分60%方差的模型有显著贡献。本文讨论了精神分裂症中绝望感出现可能涉及的过程。
