Melchiorri G, Monteleone G, Andreoli A, Callà C, Sgroi M, De Lorenzo A
Human Movement and Sport Science, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2007 Dec;47(4):408-12.
The aim of this study was to measure body cell mass (BCM) in two football (soccer) teams and assess if there are differences in body composition among players of different field positions.
Two professional Italian (male) football teams, representing two different divisions (A and C), have been recruited. There were 14 players (4 forwards, 4 defenders, 6 midfielders) in A and 18 players (4 forwards, 4 defenders, 8 midfielders, 2 goalkeepers) in C. Fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), percent body fat (%BF), and BCM have been assessed using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS).
There were no significant differences in age, body weight, height or body mass index between teams. Team A's BCM was approximately 4 kg greater than C (P=0.001). FFM was significantly greater in midfielders and defenders in A vs C (P=0.02). FFM was significantly lower in forwards compared to defenders within A (P=0.02). Within A, FM and %BF were significantly lower for defenders compared to forwards and midfielders (P=0.01), and BCM was significantly greater in forwards vs defenders (P=0.01), with no significant differences among other field positions. BCM was significantly greater in forwards vs midfielders and defenders within C (P=0.02), with no significant differences between midfielders and defenders.
BCM, measured using BIS, represents an innovative, simple approach to assess body composition. The present study demonstrates that it is very important to analyze body composition in football players, not only with the aim to evaluate the variation of weight in a quantitative and qualitative way, but also with the purpose of selecting players for specific roles. Although these results must be considered not yet conclusive, they could be an important information for coaches, especially during the selection of young football players.
本研究旨在测量两支足球队的身体细胞质量（BCM），并评估不同场上位置球员的身体成分是否存在差异。
招募了两支代表不同联赛级别（A组和C组）的意大利职业男子足球队。A组有14名球员（4名前锋、4名后卫、6名中场球员），C组有18名球员（4名前锋、4名后卫、8名中场球员、2名守门员）。使用生物电阻抗光谱法（BIS）评估了无脂肪质量（FFM）、脂肪质量（FM）、体脂百分比（%BF）和BCM。
两组之间在年龄、体重、身高或体重指数方面无显著差异。A组的BCM比C组大约高4千克（P = 0.001）。A组中场球员和后卫的FFM显著高于C组（P = 0.02）。在A组中，前锋的FFM显著低于后卫（P = 0.02）。在A组中，后卫的FM和%BF显著低于前锋和中场球员（P = 0.01），前锋的BCM显著高于后卫（P = 0.01），其他场上位置之间无显著差异。在C组中，前锋的BCM显著高于中场球员和后卫（P = 0.02），中场球员和后卫之间无显著差异。
使用BIS测量的BCM是一种创新、简单的评估身体成分的方法。本研究表明，分析足球运动员的身体成分非常重要，不仅旨在以定量和定性方式评估体重变化，还旨在为特定角色选拔球员。尽管这些结果尚未定论，但它们可能为教练提供重要信息，尤其是在选拔年轻足球运动员时。
