Rüdiger H W
Department of Occupational Health, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Ann Genet. 1991;34(3-4):173-8.
Not a single agent is known to cause an increase of genetic disorders in humans. Even studies on large numbers of children born to parents after exposure to ionizing radiation or DNA alkylating agents failed to detect significant genetic consequences. This is in contrast to effects observed in human somatic cells or germ cells, and to various investigations with laboratory animals. A definite explanation of these discrepancies does not exist. Nevertheless, on the basis of the currently available human data it cannot be justified to advise a previously exposed person against having children, if this individual is otherwise healthy. There are obvious incongruencies between the potency of an agent to cause mutations at all, and to induce genetic effects in the offspring. It should therefore be emphasized that a regulatory classification of agents according to a potential genetic hazard in man must not solely be based on in vitro mutagenicity data.
目前已知没有一种物质会导致人类遗传疾病增加。即使对大量父母在接触电离辐射或DNA烷化剂后所生孩子进行的研究，也未能检测到明显的遗传后果。这与在人类体细胞或生殖细胞中观察到的效应以及对实验动物进行的各种研究形成对比。目前尚不存在对这些差异的确切解释。然而，根据目前可得的人类数据，对于原本健康的曾接触过某种物质的人，建议其不要生育是不合理的。一种物质诱发突变的能力与其在后代中诱发遗传效应的能力之间存在明显不一致。因此应该强调，根据对人类潜在的遗传危害对物质进行监管分类，绝不能仅仅基于体外致突变性数据。
