Corcoran Kathleen M, Woody Sheila R
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Behav Res Ther. 2008 Jan;46(1):71-83. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2007.10.007. Epub 2007 Oct 22.
Cognitive theories of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that appraisals about the significance of thoughts are critical in the development and persistence of obsessions. Rachman [(1997). A cognitive theory of obsessions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 793-802.] proposes that appraisals of unwanted thoughts distinguish clinical obsessions from normal intrusive thoughts; thoughts appraised as important and personally significant are expected to be upsetting and recur. Appraisals are also expected to be related to symptoms of OCD. To explore the features of normal appraisals of obsession-like thoughts, nonclinical participants in two studies rated the personal significance of intrusive thoughts portrayed in vignettes containing prototypical themes associated with primary obsessions: aggressive, sexual, and blasphemous thoughts. Unwanted intrusive thoughts that were described as occurring more frequently were appraised as more personally significant, but participants appraised these socially unacceptable thoughts similarly whether they imagined having personally experienced them or a friend confiding about having experienced them. Appraisals in both studies were related to subclinical OC symptoms and OC beliefs.
强迫症（OCD）的认知理论认为，对思维重要性的评估在强迫观念的形成和持续存在中起着关键作用。拉赫曼[（1997年）。强迫观念的认知理论。行为研究与治疗，35，793 - 802。]提出，对 unwanted thoughts 的评估将临床强迫观念与正常的侵入性思维区分开来；被评估为重要且对个人有意义的思维预计会令人不安并反复出现。评估也预计与强迫症的症状相关。为了探究对类似强迫观念的思维进行正常评估的特征，两项研究中的非临床参与者对包含与主要强迫观念相关的典型主题（攻击性、性和亵渎性思维）的小插曲中所描绘的侵入性思维的个人意义进行了评分。被描述为更频繁出现的 unwanted intrusive thoughts 被评估为更具个人意义，但参与者对这些社会不可接受的思维的评估相似，无论他们想象自己亲身经历过还是朋友倾诉经历过这些思维。两项研究中的评估都与亚临床强迫症症状和强迫症信念相关。
