葡萄糖神经毒性

Glucose neurotoxicity.

作者信息

Tomlinson David R, Gardiner Natalie J

机构信息

Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.

出版信息

Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Jan;9(1):36-45. doi: 10.1038/nrn2294.

DOI:10.1038/nrn2294

PMID:18094705

Abstract

Neurons have a constantly high glucose demand, and unlike muscle cells they cannot accommodate episodic glucose uptake under the influence of insulin. Neuronal glucose uptake depends on the extracellular concentration of glucose, and cellular damage can ensue after persistent episodes of hyperglycaemia--a phenomenon referred to as glucose neurotoxicity. This article reviews the pathophysiological manifestation of raised glucose in neurons and how this can explain the major components of diabetic neuropathy.

摘要

神经元对葡萄糖的需求始终很高，与肌肉细胞不同，它们无法在胰岛素的影响下间歇性摄取葡萄糖。神经元摄取葡萄糖取决于细胞外葡萄糖浓度，持续性高血糖发作后可能会导致细胞损伤，这一现象被称为葡萄糖神经毒性。本文综述了神经元中葡萄糖水平升高的病理生理表现，以及这如何解释糖尿病神经病变的主要组成部分。