Krumme U, Keuthen H, Saint-Paul U, Villwock W
Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Bremen, Germany.
Braz J Biol. 2007 Aug;67(3):383-92. doi: 10.1590/s1519-69842007000300002.
Stomach contents were examined from 102 banded puffer, Colomesus psittacus (Tetraodontidae), caught from intertidal mangrove creeks at diurnal neap tides between June and September, 1997 (early dry season) near Bragança (north Brazil). The study found that C. psittacus were specialized predators of Cirripedia (Balanus spp.) and Brachyuran crabs (Uca spp., Pachygrapsus gracilis) (mean: 58 and 38% by dry weight, respectively), emphasizing a short food chain in the mangrove system. Cirripedia and Brachyura dominated the diet in all size classes, however, the prey spectrum narrowed with fish size. The mean daily consumption of Cirripedia and Brachyura was 6.2% body weight of C. psittacus. On average C. psittacus consumed 100.3 g x ha(-1) x d(-1) of Cirripedia and 178.7 g x ha(-1) x d(-1) of Brachyura (wet weight). The predation on Brachyuran crabs--a significant driver of fluxes of organic matter and energy in the system--provides C. psittacus with an important ecological function in the mangrove food web. A plant-animal interaction is proposed where C. psittacus exerts a mutually beneficial cleaning function on the Aufwuchs (Cirripedia and associated epibiota) of Rhizophora mangle stilt roots. Our results and those of other studies suggest that C. psittacus encounter optimum foraging conditions in the mangrove at high inundations at daylight (spring tide-day) whereas darkness and low inundations are linked to poor foraging conditions (neap tide-night). The C. psittacus resource could be used as an alternative income in the region in terms of i) sustainable catch and filet processing for exports to East Asia, ii) developing certified aquaculture methods for breeding puffers for the aquarium trade.
对1997年6月至9月（旱季初期）在巴西北部布拉干萨附近潮间带红树林小溪中捕获的102只带状河豚（Colomesus psittacus，四齿鲀科）的胃内容物进行了检查。研究发现，带状河豚是藤壶（藤壶属）和短尾蟹（招潮蟹属、细纹厚蟹）的专门捕食者（平均干重分别为58%和38%），突出了红树林系统中的短食物链。藤壶和短尾蟹在所有大小类别的食物中都占主导地位，然而，猎物谱随着鱼的大小而变窄。藤壶和短尾蟹的平均日消耗量为带状河豚体重的6.2%。带状河豚平均每天消耗100.3克/公顷·天（湿重）的藤壶和178.7克/公顷·天（湿重）的短尾蟹。对短尾蟹的捕食——该系统中有机物质和能量通量的一个重要驱动因素——为带状河豚在红树林食物网中提供了重要的生态功能。提出了一种植物 - 动物相互作用，即带状河豚对红树植物支柱根上的附生生物（藤壶及相关附生生物）发挥互利的清洁功能。我们的结果和其他研究结果表明，带状河豚在白天高潮水淹没时（大潮日）在红树林中遇到最佳觅食条件，而黑暗和低潮水淹没与觅食条件差（小潮夜）有关。就以下方面而言，带状河豚资源可作为该地区的一种替代收入来源：i）可持续捕捞和鱼片加工以出口到东亚；ii）开发经认证的水产养殖方法，用于养殖供水族贸易的河豚。
