[Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis--a case report with review of the literature].

We report on one rare case of recurrent pseudomembranous colitis associated with antibiotic treatment with Aztreonam. The acute recurrence of colitis following oral treatment with vancomycin together with acute abdominal symptoms was successfully treated by an emergency operative procedure (anus praeter coecalis et sigmoidalis). Subsequent local antibiotics (transcoecal vancomycin) were given. Based on a review of the literature, we discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of pseudomembranous antibiotic-associated colitis.