Park Tae Sung, Kim Ji Hoon, Kang Cheol In, Lee Byung Ho, Jeon Byung Ryul, Lee Sun Min, Chang Chulhun L, Lee Eun Yup, Son Han Chul, Kim Hyung Hoi
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seungnam, Korea.
Korean J Lab Med. 2006 Aug;26(4):241-5. doi: 10.3343/kjlm.2006.26.4.241.
Examination of peripheral blood smear (PBS) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of malaria; however, its diagnostic utility will be dependent on the examiner's microscopic experience, the quality of the smear, and the degree of parasitemia. Therefore, it is essential to have available a rapid and simple test that is as sensitive and specific as PBS, at a small-middle range medical center, a health care center, and a military hospital in a malaria endemic area.
Malaria antigen and antibody tests were performed on 120 febrile patients who were requested for complete blood count (CBC) and PBS at two military hospitals from May 2004 to August 2005.
Of the 45 patients who were diagnosed with malaria by examination of peripheral blood smears, 42 were positive on both malaria antigen and antibody tests, and 2 were positive on either antigen or antibody test. Only 1 patient was negative on the both test. Furthermore, all 75 patients with negative microscopic examinations also had negative malaria antigen and antibody tests.
The results of this study show that a rapid differential diagnosis of malaria can be made by performing malaria antigen and antibody tests on febrile patients at hospitals in malaria endemic areas. Moreover, the test is simple and convenient enough to be performed without any special equipment or experience.
外周血涂片检查（PBS）是疟疾诊断的金标准；然而，其诊断效用取决于检查者的显微镜检查经验、涂片质量以及疟原虫血症程度。因此，在疟疾流行地区的中小型医疗中心、医疗保健中心和军队医院，必须具备一种快速简便的检测方法，其敏感性和特异性与PBS相当。
2004年5月至2005年8月期间，对两家军队医院120例因全血细胞计数（CBC）和PBS而就诊的发热患者进行了疟疾抗原和抗体检测。
在外周血涂片检查诊断为疟疾的45例患者中，42例疟疾抗原和抗体检测均为阳性，2例抗原或抗体检测呈阳性。只有1例患者两项检测均为阴性。此外，所有75例显微镜检查阴性的患者疟疾抗原和抗体检测也均为阴性。
本研究结果表明，在疟疾流行地区的医院，对发热患者进行疟疾抗原和抗体检测可快速鉴别诊断疟疾。此外，该检测方法简单方便，无需任何特殊设备或经验即可进行。
