Woodward Lianne J, Fergusson David M, Chesney Anna, Horwood L John
Canterbury Child Development Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2007 Dec 14;120(1267):U2866.
To describe the punitive parenting practices of a cohort of young (<25 years) New Zealand parents and to examine the life course risk factors that placed these parents at increased risk of severe child physical punishment/abuse.
The data were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study. At age 25, all respondents who had become a parent were interviewed about their parenting practices and family circumstances, including an assessment of child physical punishment/abuse using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale. The present analysis was confined to those young parents (n=155) who were living full-time with their children at the time of assessment.
Amongst this high-risk group of young parents, 77% reported having physically punished a child and almost 12% reported having severely physically assaulted a child in the past year. Although higher rates of child physical punishment were reported for parents of older children, a substantial proportion of parents reported having physically disciplined an infant (37%) or preschooler (84%) in their care. Risks of severe physical punishment/abuse were greatest amongst those young parents from lower socioeconomic status family backgrounds whose own parents were controlling, restrictive, and over-protective, and who (as young adult parents) were responsible for the care of larger numbers of children under conditions of socioeconomic and family functioning stress.
The use of physical punishment and more severe forms of physical assault/abuse are relatively common amongst contemporary young parents. Implications of study findings for social policy aimed at reducing levels of family violence in New Zealand are considered.
描述一群年轻（未满25岁）的新西兰父母的惩罚性育儿行为，并研究那些使这些父母有更高风险对孩子进行严重体罚/虐待的生命历程风险因素。
这些数据是作为基督城健康与发展研究的一部分收集的。在25岁时，所有已为人父母的受访者都接受了关于其育儿行为和家庭情况的访谈，包括使用亲子冲突策略量表对孩子体罚/虐待情况的评估。目前的分析仅限于那些在评估时与孩子全职生活在一起的年轻父母（n = 155）。
在这群高风险年轻父母中，77%报告曾对孩子进行过体罚，近12%报告在过去一年中曾对孩子进行过严重身体攻击。尽管年龄较大孩子的父母报告体罚孩子的比例更高，但相当一部分父母报告曾对其照顾的婴儿（37%）或学龄前儿童（84%）进行过身体管教。在那些来自社会经济地位较低家庭背景的年轻父母中，严重体罚/虐待的风险最大；这些父母自身的父母控制欲强、限制多且过度保护，并且（作为年轻的成年父母）在社会经济和家庭功能压力的情况下要照顾更多孩子。
体罚以及更严重形式的身体攻击/虐待在当代年轻父母中相对普遍。研究结果对新西兰旨在降低家庭暴力水平的社会政策具有启示意义，并对此进行了探讨。
