Stutes Monique, Tran Steven, DeMorrow Sharon
Division of Research and Education, Scott & White Hospital, Temple, TX 76504, USA.
World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Dec 28;13(48):6465-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i48.6465.
Cholangiocarcinomas are malignant epithelial liver tumors arising from the intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts. Little is known about the molecular development of this disease, and very few effective treatment options are available. Thus, prognosis is poor. Genetic and epigenetic changes play an integral role in the neoplastic transformation of human cells to their malignant counterparts. This review summarizes some of the more prevalent genetic alterations (by microRNA expression) and epigenetic changes (hypermethylation of specific gene promoters) that are thought to contribute to the carcinogenic process in cholangiocarcinoma.
胆管癌是起源于肝内和肝外胆管的恶性上皮性肝肿瘤。人们对这种疾病的分子发展了解甚少,并且几乎没有有效的治疗选择。因此,预后很差。遗传和表观遗传变化在人类细胞向恶性细胞的肿瘤转化中起着不可或缺的作用。本综述总结了一些较为普遍的遗传改变(通过微小RNA表达)和表观遗传变化(特定基因启动子的高甲基化),这些被认为与胆管癌的致癌过程有关。