Logan Mary A, Freeman Marc R
University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Neurobiology 770P, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Neuron Glia Biol. 2007 Feb;3(1):63-74. doi: 10.1017/S1740925X07000646.
Glial cells provide support and protection for neurons in the embryonic and adult brain, mediated in part through the phagocytic activity of glia. Glial cells engulf apoptotic cells and pruned neurites from the developing nervous system, and also clear degenerating neuronal debris from the adult brain after neural trauma. Studies indicate that Drosophila melanogaster is an ideal model system to elucidate the mechanisms of engulfment by glia. The recent studies reviewed here show that many features of glial engulfment are conserved across species and argue that work in Drosophila will provide valuable cellular and molecular insight into glial engulfment activity in mammals.
神经胶质细胞在胚胎期和成年期大脑中为神经元提供支持和保护，部分通过神经胶质细胞的吞噬活性来介导。神经胶质细胞吞噬发育中的神经系统中的凋亡细胞和修剪后的神经突，并且在神经创伤后清除成年大脑中退化的神经元碎片。研究表明，果蝇是阐明神经胶质细胞吞噬机制的理想模型系统。本文综述的最新研究表明，神经胶质细胞吞噬的许多特征在物种间是保守的，并认为果蝇研究将为哺乳动物神经胶质细胞吞噬活性提供有价值的细胞和分子见解。
