Fallgren Paul H, Jin Song
Western Research Institute, Laramie, WY 82072, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2008 Feb;43(2):125-31. doi: 10.1080/10934520701781202.
Petroleum compounds account for the vast majority of contaminants in soils. Bioremediation is a widely accepted strategy in degrading these contaminants. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of nitrogenous nutrient (nitrogen) amendments in enhancing biodegradation of petroleum contaminants in soil by using a solid-phase circulating bioreactor (SCB). In a bench-scale SCB, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration (~5000 mg kg(-1)) in soil decreased 92% within 15 days. In a scaled-up SCB system containing approximately 120 kg petroleum-contaminated soil (TPH at approximately 125,000 mg kg(-1)), a degradation rate of 635 mg kg(-1)d(-1) was obtained from the poultry manure-amended treatment during a 200-day period of operation. Treatments with the same amount of nitrogen (as ammonium nitrate) attained a TPH degradation rate of 469 mg kg(-1)d(-1) during the same period. Control SCB unit, which was maintained under the same aerobic conditions but not amended with nitrogen, had a TPH degradation rate of 273 mg kg(-1)d(-1). Results from this study indicate that SCB can achieve significantly higher degradative rates than conventional landfarming (reported rates < 150 mg kg(-1)d(-1)) and poultry manure appears to be a preferred nitrogen amendment that can further enhance the biodegradation of petroleum contaminants in soils.
石油化合物占土壤中污染物的绝大部分。生物修复是降解这些污染物的一种广泛接受的策略。本研究通过使用固相循环生物反应器（SCB）证明了含氮营养物（氮）添加物在增强土壤中石油污染物生物降解方面的有效性。在实验室规模的SCB中，土壤中的总石油烃（TPH）浓度（约5000 mg kg⁻¹）在15天内下降了92%。在一个放大的SCB系统中，含有约120 kg受石油污染的土壤（TPH约为125,000 mg kg⁻¹），在200天的运行期间，家禽粪便添加处理的降解速率为635 mg kg⁻¹d⁻¹。相同量氮（作为硝酸铵）的处理在同一时期的TPH降解速率为469 mg kg⁻¹d⁻¹。对照SCB单元在相同的好氧条件下维持，但不添加氮，其TPH降解速率为273 mg kg⁻¹d⁻¹。本研究结果表明，SCB能够实现比传统土地耕作（报道的速率<150 mg kg⁻¹d⁻¹）显著更高的降解速率，并且家禽粪便似乎是一种更优的氮添加物，能够进一步增强土壤中石油污染物的生物降解。
