Onate James A, Beck Brian C, Van Lunen Bonnie L
Department of Exercise Science, Physical Education, and Recreation, Old Dominion University, 111 Spong Hall, Norfolk, VA 23529-0196, USA.
J Athl Train. 2007 Oct-Dec;42(4):446-51.
To determine if testing environment affects Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores in healthy collegiate baseball players.
Experimental, randomized, repeated-measures design with a sample of convenience.
Uncontrolled sideline and controlled locker room baseball environments.
A total of 21 healthy collegiate baseball players (age = 20.1 +/- 1.4 years, height = 185.1 +/- 6.8 cm, mass = 86.3 +/- 9.5 kg) with no history of head injury within the last 12 months, no lower extremity injuries reported within the past 2 months that caused them to miss 1 or more days of practice or game time, and no history of otitis media, Parkinson disease, or Meniere disease.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Participants performed the BESS test in 2 environments, controlled locker room and uncontrolled sideline, in 2 testing sessions 1 week apart during the baseball preseason. The BESS scores were evaluated for each of the 6 conditions and total score across the testing sessions. Separate, paired-samples t tests with Bonferroni adjustment (P < .008) were used to examine differences between testing environments for each BESS subcategory and total score. Cohen d tests were calculated to evaluate effect sizes and relative change.
Significant group mean differences were found between testing environments for single-leg foam stance (P = .001), with higher scores reported for the uncontrolled sideline environment (7.33 +/- 2.11 errors) compared with the controlled clinical environment (5.19 +/- 2.16 errors). Medium to large effect sizes (0.53 to 1.03) were also found for single-leg foam, tandem foam, and total BESS scores, with relative increases (worse scores) of 30% to 44% in the sideline environment compared with the clinical environment.
The BESS performance was impaired when participants were tested in a sideline environment compared with a clinical environment. Baseline testing for postural control using the BESS should be conducted in the setting or environment in which testing after injury will most likely be conducted.
确定测试环境是否会影响健康的大学棒球运动员的平衡误差评分系统（BESS）得分。
便利抽样的实验性、随机、重复测量设计。
不受控制的边线和受控制的更衣室棒球环境。
共有21名健康的大学棒球运动员（年龄=20.1±1.4岁，身高=185.1±6.8厘米，体重=86.3±9.5千克），在过去12个月内无头部受伤史，在过去2个月内未报告导致他们错过1天或更多训练或比赛时间的下肢损伤，且无中耳炎、帕金森病或梅尼埃病病史。
参与者在棒球季前赛期间，于1周内的2个测试时段，在2种环境（受控制的更衣室和不受控制的边线）中进行BESS测试。对6种条件下的每一种以及整个测试时段的总分进行BESS得分评估。使用Bonferroni校正（P<0.008）的独立配对样本t检验，来检验每个BESS子类别和总分在测试环境之间的差异。计算Cohen d检验以评估效应大小和相对变化。
在单腿泡沫站立测试环境之间发现了显著的组均值差异（P=0.001），与受控制的临床环境（5.19±2.16次失误）相比，不受控制的边线环境中的得分更高（7.33±2.11次失误）。单腿泡沫、串联泡沫和BESS总分也发现了中等至较大的效应大小（0.53至1.03），与临床环境相比，边线环境中的相对增加（得分更差）为30%至44%。
与临床环境相比，当参与者在边线环境中进行测试时，BESS表现受损。使用BESS进行姿势控制的基线测试应在受伤后最可能进行测试的场景或环境中进行。
