Schapira Anthony H V
University Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, London, UK.
Mov Disord. 2007 Sep;22 Suppl 17:S385-91. doi: 10.1002/mds.21679.
The development of treatment for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been one of the most notable successes of neurology. Dopaminergic therapies in the form of levodopa, dopamine agonists, or monoamine oxidase B inhibitors significantly improve the characteristic motor symptoms of bradykinesia and rigidity, with a beneficial effect upon tremor in a proportion of patients. Novel delivery of dopaminergic drugs whether in the form of once a day sustained release preparations or transdermal applications ensures that they remain at the forefront of PD treatment. The development of drugs to slow the progression of PD has attracted considerable attention and there appears to be some measure of success although additional studies need to be performed. A range of nondopaminergic drugs including alpha 2-adrenergic antagonists, serotoninergics, and adenosine A2a antagonists are in late-stage development for PD and offer benefit for motor symptoms and motor complications.
帕金森病（PD）症状治疗的发展一直是神经学领域最显著的成功之一。左旋多巴、多巴胺激动剂或单胺氧化酶B抑制剂形式的多巴胺能疗法能显著改善运动迟缓及僵硬等典型运动症状，对部分患者的震颤也有有益效果。多巴胺能药物的新型给药方式，无论是每日一次的缓释制剂形式还是经皮应用，都确保了它们在PD治疗中处于前沿地位。减缓PD病情发展的药物研发已引起相当大的关注，尽管还需要进行更多研究，但似乎已取得了一定程度的成功。一系列非多巴胺能药物，包括α2肾上腺素能拮抗剂、5-羟色胺能药物和腺苷A2a拮抗剂，正处于PD治疗的后期研发阶段，对运动症状和运动并发症有益。
