Steger Doris, Ettinger-Epstein Piers, Whalan Stephen, Hentschel Ute, de Nys Rocky, Wagner Michael, Taylor Michael W
Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Environ Microbiol. 2008 Apr;10(4):1087-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01515.x. Epub 2007 Dec 19.
The model marine crenarchaeote 'Cenarchaeum symbiosum' is until now the only ammonia-oxidizing archaeon known from a marine sponge. Here, phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) genes revealed the presence of putative ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in a diverse range of sponges from the western Pacific, Caribbean and Mediterranean. amoA diversity was limited even between different oceans, with many of the obtained sequences (75.9%; n(total) = 83) forming a monophyletic, apparently sponge- (and coral-) specific lineage, analogous to those previously inferred from comparative 16S rRNA gene studies of sponge-associated microbes. The presence of AOA in sponge larvae, as detected by 16S rRNA and amoA PCR assays as well as by fluorescence in situ hybridization, suggests they are vertically transmitted and thus might be of importance for ammonia detoxification within the sponge.
模式海洋泉古菌“共生泉古菌”（Cenarchaeum symbiosum）是迄今已知的唯一一种来自海洋海绵的氨氧化古菌。在此，基于16S rRNA和氨单加氧酶亚基A（amoA）基因的系统发育分析揭示，在西太平洋、加勒比海和地中海的多种海绵中存在推定的氨氧化古菌（AOA）。即使在不同大洋之间，amoA的多样性也很有限，许多获得的序列（75.9%；n（总数）=83）形成一个单系的、显然是海绵（和珊瑚）特异性的谱系，类似于先前从海绵相关微生物的比较16S rRNA基因研究中推断出的谱系。通过16S rRNA和amoA PCR检测以及荧光原位杂交检测到海绵幼虫中存在AOA，这表明它们是垂直传播的，因此可能对海绵体内的氨解毒很重要。
