Palatini P, Guzzardi G, Penzo M, Dorigatti F, Anaclerio M, Pessina A C
Clinica Medica I, Università degli Studi, Padova.
Cardiologia. 1991 Nov;36(11):853-9.
Altitude exposure is known to cause an increase in adrenergic activity, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in resting conditions. Much less is known on the effects of the hypoxic environment on the BP and HR response to physical exercise. Five physically trained young normotensive subjects underwent a 1-hour long bicycle ergometric test to exhaustion at sea level and after 24 hours of low (1322 m) and high (3322 m) altitude exposure. HR, BP and Hb oxygen (HbO2) saturation were measured throughout the test and the recovery period. The values obtained at 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% maximum HR were calculated. Resting BP increased by 17.9/20.9 mmHg at 3322 m (p = 0.062/0.012) and by 10.0/12.8 mmHg at 1322 m (NS). However, the BP difference present at rest gradually flattened throughout effort and at peak exercise similar BP values were obtained during the 3 tests. HbO2 saturation was lower at 3322 m compared to the other 2 settings (91.5% vs 96.7% at sea level; p less than 0.0001) and this difference progressively and remarkably increased throughout the ergometric test. At 3322 m a lower workload was reached (189 +/- 39.4 vs 240 +/- 54.8 W; p less than 0.05). In agreement with previous results these data show that exposure to both high and low altitude causes an increase in resting BP and HR; however, during strenuous exercise maximum BP and HR do not exceed the levels attained at sea level, probably on account of the lower workload that may be reached in the hypoxic environment.
已知在静息状态下，暴露于高原环境会导致肾上腺素能活性、血压（BP）和心率（HR）升高。关于低氧环境对运动时血压和心率反应的影响，人们了解得较少。五名身体受过训练的年轻血压正常受试者在海平面、低海拔（1322米）和高海拔（3322米）暴露24小时后，进行了长达1小时的自行车测力计测试，直至力竭。在整个测试和恢复期测量心率、血压和血红蛋白氧（HbO2）饱和度。计算在最大心率的60%、70%、80%、90%和100%时获得的值。在3322米处静息血压升高17.9/20.9毫米汞柱（p = 0.062/0.012），在1322米处升高10.0/12.8毫米汞柱（无显著性差异）。然而，静息时存在的血压差异在整个运动过程中逐渐减小，并在运动峰值时，三次测试获得了相似的血压值。与其他两种环境相比，3322米处的HbO2饱和度较低（海平面为96.7%，3322米处为91.5%；p小于0.0001），并且在整个测力计测试过程中，这种差异逐渐显著增加。在3322米处达到的工作量较低（189±39.4瓦对240±54.8瓦；p小于0.05）。与先前的结果一致，这些数据表明，暴露于高海拔和低海拔都会导致静息血压和心率升高；然而，在剧烈运动期间，最大血压和心率不会超过在海平面达到的水平，这可能是由于在低氧环境中可能达到的工作量较低。
