Scheinfeld Noah
Department of Dermatology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York 10025, USA.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2007 Dec;6(12):1249-51.
This column reviews 3 new systemic antifungal agents (posaconazole, micafungin, and anidulafungin) from the standpoint of dermatology. Posaconazole, approved to treat invasive Aspergillus and Candida infections, is available in an oral suspension and resembles fluconazole, but seems to have a broader spectrum of activity. Posaconazole is effective against yeasts and molds and could be effective in treating rare fungal infections involving Zygomycetes, Mucor necrotizing fasciitis, rhinocerebral mucormycosis, some Fusarium species, Penicillium, Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, Paracoccidioides, and sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, and phaeohyphomycosis, including Scedosporium apiospermum and Exophiala, Alternaria, and Bipolaris species. Posaconazole may abate onychomycosis and dermatophytes, but clinical trial data is lacking. Micafungin and anidulafungin are echinocandins like caspofungin and are useful salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis. The exciting new agents have extended the armamentarium against antifungal pathogens, but have yet to find their place in the dermatologic practice.
本专栏从皮肤病学角度综述了3种新型全身性抗真菌药物(泊沙康唑、米卡芬净和阿尼芬净)。泊沙康唑已获批用于治疗侵袭性曲霉和念珠菌感染,有口服混悬液剂型,与氟康唑类似,但似乎具有更广泛的活性谱。泊沙康唑对酵母菌和霉菌有效,可能对治疗涉及接合菌、毛霉坏死性筋膜炎、鼻脑毛霉病、一些镰刀菌属、青霉、组织胞浆菌、芽生菌、球孢子菌、副球孢子菌以及孢子丝菌病、着色芽生菌病、足菌肿和暗色丝孢霉病(包括尖端赛多孢和外瓶霉、链格孢属和双极霉属菌种)等罕见真菌感染有效。泊沙康唑可能减轻甲癣和皮肤癣菌病,但缺乏临床试验数据。米卡芬净和阿尼芬净是像卡泊芬净一样的棘白菌素类药物,是侵袭性曲霉病和念珠菌病的有效挽救治疗药物。这些令人兴奋的新型药物扩展了抗真菌病原体的武器库,但尚未在皮肤病学实践中找到它们的用武之地。