Cheong R L, Kuizon M D, Tajaon R T
Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Manila, Philippines.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1991 Dec;22(4):595-604.
Menstrual blood loss was measured in 80 apparently healthy women aged 15-44 years. The study showed a median menstrual blood loss of 37.1 ml per period and the range was from 5.4-169.0 ml. With an average menstrual cycle of 29 days and a mean hemoglobin content of 12.8 g/dl the average iron loss was estimated to be about 0.55 mg/day. The simultaneous effects of menstrual iron loss and dietary iron intake on the iron status of menstruating women were examined using multiple regression analysis. The parameters used to measure iron status were serum iron, transferrin saturation index (TSI), hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Among these parameters, TSI was found to be the most sensitive indicator of changes in factors affecting iron balance moreover, it was found that with greater menstrual loss and decreasing iron intake, there was a marked fall in TSI. However, the decline of TSI did not reach a level at which deficiency of iron transport would have occurred. These results suggest that iron intake was enough to replenish the iron lost in menstruation. Results of statistical analysis showed that the upper limit of menstrual blood loss should be about 80 ml per period. Any loss above this level for continuously long period of time may lead to anemia. This condition is further aggravated by insufficient iron intake. The data from this study are useful in estimating the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for iron for menstruating Filipino women. They will also serve as a basis of management of patients in medical practice in terms of evaluating risk of and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia.
对80名年龄在15至44岁之间表面健康的女性进行了月经失血量测量。研究显示，每个月经周期的月经失血量中位数为37.1毫升，范围为5.4至169.0毫升。月经周期平均为29天，平均血红蛋白含量为12.8克/分升，估计平均铁流失量约为0.55毫克/天。使用多元回归分析研究了月经铁流失和膳食铁摄入量对月经女性铁状态的同时影响。用于测量铁状态的参数有血清铁、转铁蛋白饱和度指数（TSI）、血红蛋白和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）。在这些参数中，TSI被发现是影响铁平衡因素变化的最敏感指标。此外，研究发现，随着月经失血量增加和铁摄入量减少，TSI显著下降。然而，TSI的下降并未达到会发生铁转运缺乏的水平。这些结果表明，铁摄入量足以补充月经期间流失的铁。统计分析结果表明，月经失血量的上限应为每个月经周期约80毫升。长时间持续高于此水平的任何失血量都可能导致贫血。铁摄入量不足会使这种情况进一步恶化。这项研究的数据有助于估算菲律宾月经女性的铁推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）。它们还将作为医疗实践中评估缺铁性贫血风险和治疗患者的管理依据。
