Alvarez F Javier, Fierro Inmaculada
Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Jan;40(1):55-60. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.04.001. Epub 2007 May 4.
New evidence has appeared to support the fact that the over-involvement of older drivers in traffic accidents disappears when the low mileage bias is taken into account. As a group, older drivers are as safe as or safer than other age groups, and only low mileage older drivers have a high crash rate. Furthermore, the role of the medical condition of older drivers in traffic accidents, as well as the fitness to drive evaluation, are objects of controversy. We examined all this with a cohort of 4316 drivers attending Medical Driving Test Centres for a mandatory fitness to drive evaluation. Our data shows that older drivers (> or =75) have a lower crash rate. Medical conditions that impair fitness to drive, as a tendency, increased with advanced age and with lower mileage group. The multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is an effect (p<0.0001) of age-range and mileage on the annual crash rate per million kilometres driven, while a medical restriction ("fit to drive with restriction") has no effect (p>0.05). Our data suggests that health status is not associated with increased crash risk for the low mileage group, although further studies are needed.
新证据表明，当考虑到低里程偏差时，老年驾驶员在交通事故中过度参与的情况就会消失。总体而言，老年驾驶员与其他年龄组一样安全或更安全，只有低里程的老年驾驶员事故率较高。此外，老年驾驶员的健康状况在交通事故中的作用以及驾驶适宜性评估存在争议。我们对4316名前往医疗驾驶测试中心进行强制性驾驶适宜性评估的驾驶员进行了研究。我们的数据显示，年龄较大（≥75岁）的驾驶员事故率较低。损害驾驶适宜性的健康状况往往随着年龄增长和里程数较低的群体而增加。多变量方差分析表明，年龄范围和里程数对每百万公里行驶的年事故率有影响（p<0.0001），而医疗限制（“适合有条件驾驶”）则没有影响（p>0.05）。我们的数据表明，尽管还需要进一步研究，但健康状况与低里程组增加的事故风险无关。
