Fine mapping of a major quantitative trait loci, qSSP7, controlling the number of spikelets per panicle as a single Mendelian factor in rice.

In our previous studies, one putative QTL affecting number of spikelets per panicle (SPP) was identified in the pericentromeric region of rice chromosome 7 using a recombinant inbred population. In order to define the QTL (qSPP7), RI50, a recombinant inbred line with 70% of genetic background same as the female parent of Zhenshan 97, was selected to produce near-isogenic lines for the target region in the present study. In a BC(2)F(2) population consisting of 190 plants, the frequency distribution of SPP was shown to be discontinuous and followed the expected Mendelian ratios (1:2:1 by progeny test) for single locus segregation. qSPP7 was mapped to a 0.4 cM region between SSR marker RM3859 and RFLP marker C39 based on tests of the BC(2)F(2) population and its progeny. Its additive and dominant effects on SPP were 51.1 and 24.9 spikelets, respectively. Of great interest, the QTL region also had effects on grain yield per plant (YD), 1,000 grain weight (GW), tillers per plant (TPP) and seed setting ratio (SR). Significant correlations were observed between SPP and YD (r = 0.66) and between SPP and SR (r = -0.29) in the progeny test. 1082 extremely small panicle plants of a BC(3)F(2) population containing 8,400 individuals were further used to fine map the QTL. It turns out that qSPP7 co-segregated with two markers, RM5436 and RM5499 spanning a physical distance of 912.4 kb. Overall results suggested that recombination suppression occurred in the region and positional cloning strategy is infeasible for qSPP7 isolation. The higher grain yield of Minghui 63 homozygote as compared to the heterozygote suggested that Minghui 63 homozygote at qSPP7 in hybrid rice could further improve its yield.