Wieters Evie A, Gaines Steven D, Navarrete Sergio A, Blanchette Carol A, Menge Bruce A
Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas and Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity, Las Cruces, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, CP 6513677, Chile.
Am Nat. 2008 Mar;171(3):405-17. doi: 10.1086/527492.
Striking differences in the dispersal of coexisting species have fascinated marine ecologists for decades. Despite widespread attention to the impact of dispersal on individual species dynamics, its role in species interactions has received comparatively little attention. Here, we approach the issue by combining analyses of simple heuristic predator-prey models with different dispersal patterns and data from several predator-prey systems from the Pacific coasts of North and South America. In agreement with model predictions, differences in predator dispersal generated characteristic biogeographic patterns. Predators lacking pelagic larvae tracked geographic variation in prey recruitment but not prey abundance. Prey recruitment rate alone explained more than 80% of the biogeographic variation in predator abundance. In contrast, predators with broadcasting larvae were uncorrelated with prey recruitment or adult prey abundance. Our findings reconcile perplexing results from previous studies and suggest that simple models can capture some of the complexity of life-history diversity in marine communities.
数十年来，共存物种扩散的显著差异一直吸引着海洋生态学家。尽管人们广泛关注扩散对单个物种动态的影响，但其在物种相互作用中的作用却相对较少受到关注。在这里，我们通过将具有不同扩散模式的简单启发式捕食者 - 猎物模型分析与来自北美和南美太平洋沿岸几个捕食者 - 猎物系统的数据相结合来探讨这个问题。与模型预测一致，捕食者扩散的差异产生了特征性的生物地理模式。缺乏浮游幼虫的捕食者追踪猎物补充的地理变化，但不追踪猎物丰度。仅猎物补充率就解释了捕食者丰度生物地理变化的80%以上。相比之下，具有散播幼虫的捕食者与猎物补充或成年猎物丰度无关。我们的研究结果调和了先前研究中令人困惑的结果，并表明简单模型可以捕捉海洋群落中生活史多样性的一些复杂性。
