Ross Robert M, Long Eric S, Dropkin David S
Northern Appalachian Research Laboratory, Leetown Science Center, USGS, 176 Straight Run Road, Wellsboro, PA 16901, USA.
Environ Monit Assess. 2008 Oct;145(1-3):323-38. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-0042-3. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
We compared naturally alkaline streams with limestone lithology to freestone streams with and without acid mine drainage (AMD) to predict benthic macroinvertebrate community recovery from AMD in limestone-treated watersheds. Surrogate-recovered (limestone) and, in many cases, freestone systems had significantly higher macroinvertebrate densities; diversity; taxa richness; Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) taxa; EPT/chironomid ratios; scraper/collector-gatherer ratios; herbivores; collector-filterers; and scrapers. AMD-influenced systems had significantly greater numbers of Diptera and collector-gatherers. An entire trophic level (herbivores) was "restored" in surrogate-recovered streams, which also showed greater trophic specialization. Indicator analysis identified seven taxa (within Crustacea, Diptera, Nematoda, Trichoptera, and Ephemeroptera) as significant indicators of limestone systems and six taxa (within Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Tricoptera, Coleoptera, and Mollusca) as significant freestone indicators, all useful as biological indicators of recovery from AMD.
我们将具有石灰岩岩性的天然碱性溪流与有和没有酸性矿山排水（AMD）的自由石溪流进行了比较，以预测石灰岩处理流域中底栖大型无脊椎动物群落从AMD中的恢复情况。替代恢复（石灰岩）以及在许多情况下的自由石系统具有显著更高的大型无脊椎动物密度、多样性、分类群丰富度、蜉蝣目、襀翅目和毛翅目（EPT）分类群、EPT/摇蚊科比率、刮食者/收集者 - 聚集者比率、草食动物、收集者 - 过滤者和刮食者。受AMD影响的系统中双翅目和收集者 - 聚集者的数量显著更多。在替代恢复的溪流中，整个营养级（草食动物）被“恢复”，并且还表现出更大的营养专业化。指示分析确定了七个分类群（在甲壳纲、双翅目、线虫纲、毛翅目和蜉蝣目中）作为石灰岩系统的显著指示物，以及六个分类群（在蜉蝣目、襀翅目、毛翅目、鞘翅目和软体动物中）作为自由石的显著指示物，所有这些都可用作从AMD中恢复的生物指示物。
