Zule William A, Costenbader Elizabeth, Coomes Curtis M, Meyer William J, Riehman Kara, Poehlman Jon, Wechsberg Wendee M
Substance Abuse Treatment, Evaluations and Interventions (SATEI), RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA.
J Rural Health. 2007 Fall;23 Suppl:73-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00127.x.
While literature exists on sexual risks for HIV among rural populations, the specific role of stimulants in increasing these risks has primarily been studied in the context of a single drug and/or racial group.
This study explores the use of multiple stimulants and sexual risk behaviors among individuals of different races and sexual identities in rural North Carolina.
In-depth interviews were conducted with 41 individuals in 3 rural North Carolina counties between June 2004 and December 2005. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and reviewed for accuracy. Edited interviews were imported into Atlas.ti and askSam for analysis.
Along with marijuana, stimulants-including powder cocaine, crack, and methamphetamine-were the most frequently used illicit drugs in these counties. Powder cocaine use was more closely associated with white participants, crack with African Americans, and both were more commonly used by female participants. Participants reported 3 overlapping behaviors involving stimulant use that may be associated with increased risk of HIV infection: engaging in sex while using drugs, sex trading and group sex. Nearly half of participants reported engaging in group sex activity.
HIV risk through injection appears to be low in these rural counties. However, nearly all study participants reported some form of sexual risk behavior that may increase transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Further research is warranted focusing on the nexus between substance abuse and risky sexual behaviors.
虽然已有关于农村人口感染艾滋病毒的性风险的文献，但兴奋剂在增加这些风险方面的具体作用主要是在单一药物和/或种族群体的背景下进行研究的。
本研究探讨北卡罗来纳州农村地区不同种族和性身份个体中多种兴奋剂的使用情况以及性风险行为。
2004年6月至2005年12月期间，对北卡罗来纳州3个农村县的41人进行了深入访谈。访谈进行了录音、转录并审核其准确性。编辑后的访谈内容被导入到Atlas.ti和askSam软件中进行分析。
除大麻外，兴奋剂——包括粉末可卡因、快克可卡因和甲基苯丙胺——是这些县最常使用的非法药物。粉末可卡因的使用与白人参与者关系更为密切，快克可卡因与非裔美国人关系更为密切，且女性参与者使用这两种药物的情况更为普遍。参与者报告了3种与使用兴奋剂相关的重叠行为，这些行为可能会增加感染艾滋病毒的风险：吸毒时发生性行为、性交易和群交。近一半的参与者报告参与了群交活动。
在这些农村县，通过注射感染艾滋病毒的风险似乎较低。然而，几乎所有研究参与者都报告了某种形式的性风险行为，这些行为可能会增加艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染的传播。有必要进一步研究药物滥用与危险性行为之间的联系。
