von der Weid Irene, Korenblum Elisa, Jurelevicius Diogo, Rosado Alexandre Soares, Dino Rodolfo, Sebastian Gina Vasquez, Seldin Lucy
Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Goes, UFRJ, CCS, Bloco I, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008 Jan;18(1):5-14.
The deep subseafloor rock in oil reservoirs represents a unique environment in which a high oilcontamination and very low biomass can be observed. Sampling this environment has been a challenge owing to the techniques used for drilling and coring. In this study, the facilities developed by the Brazilian oil company PETROBRAS for accessing deep subsurface oil reservoirs were used to obtain rock samples at 2,822-2,828 m below the ocean floor surface from a virgin field located in the Atlantic Ocean, Rio de Janeiro. To address the bacterial diversity of these rock samples, PCR amplicons were obtained using the DNA from four core sections and universal primers for 16S rRNA and for APS reductase (aps) genes. Clone libraries were generated from these PCR fragments and 87 clones were sequenced. The phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rDNA clone libraries showed a wide distribution of types in the domain bacteria in the four core samples, and the majority of the clones were identified as belonging to Betaproteobacteria. The sulfate-reducing bacteria community could only be amplified by PCR in one sample, and all clones were identified as belonging to Gammaproteobacteria. For the first time, the bacterial community was assessed in such deep subsurface environment.
油藏中的深海海底岩石代表了一种独特的环境，在这种环境中可以观察到高油污和极低的生物量。由于用于钻探和取芯的技术，对这种环境进行采样一直是一项挑战。在本研究中，巴西石油公司巴西国家石油公司开发的用于进入深层地下油藏的设施被用于从位于里约热内卢大西洋的一个未开发油田获取海底表面以下2822 - 2828米处的岩石样本。为了研究这些岩石样本的细菌多样性，使用来自四个岩芯部分的DNA以及用于16S rRNA和APS还原酶（aps）基因的通用引物获得了PCR扩增子。从这些PCR片段生成了克隆文库，并对87个克隆进行了测序。16S rDNA克隆文库的系统发育分析表明，在四个岩芯样本中细菌域内的类型分布广泛，并且大多数克隆被鉴定为属于β-变形菌纲。硫酸盐还原细菌群落仅在一个样本中通过PCR扩增得到，并且所有克隆都被鉴定为属于γ-变形菌纲。首次在如此深层的地下环境中评估了细菌群落。
