Knowles Margaret A
Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, Section of Oncology, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
Future Oncol. 2008 Feb;4(1):71-83. doi: 10.2217/14796694.4.1.71.
Bladder cancer presents several challenges in clinical management. For the large group of noninvasive tumors, key problems are the development of multiple recurrences that require long-term surveillance and a lack of effective therapies to prevent recurrence. For the smaller group of poor prognosis patients with invasive disease, novel therapies are urgently needed. The identification of mutations of FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3) in most noninvasive bladder tumors and the recent finding of overexpression of this receptor not only in superficial tumors but also in many invasive bladder cancers has generated optimism that therapies targeting this receptor tyrosine kinase may have major application in the treatment of urothelial cancers. There is little information on the other members of this receptor family apart from FGFR2, which is implicated as a tumor suppressor. Recent preclinical evaluations of FGFR3 as a therapeutic target have provided a strong impetus for the development of targeted agents for clinical use.
膀胱癌在临床管理中面临诸多挑战。对于大多数非侵袭性肿瘤患者而言，关键问题在于多次复发，这需要长期监测，且缺乏预防复发的有效疗法。对于少数预后较差的侵袭性疾病患者，迫切需要新的治疗方法。在大多数非侵袭性膀胱肿瘤中发现了成纤维细胞生长因子受体3（FGFR3）突变，并且最近发现该受体不仅在浅表肿瘤中过度表达，在许多侵袭性膀胱癌中也过度表达，这使得人们乐观地认为，针对该受体酪氨酸激酶的疗法可能在尿路上皮癌治疗中具有重要应用价值。除了被认为是肿瘤抑制因子的FGFR2之外，关于该受体家族其他成员的信息很少。最近对FGFR3作为治疗靶点的临床前评估为开发临床用靶向药物提供了强大动力。
