Douglas Susan A, Sanli Halit, Gibson William P R
The Sydney Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia.
Cochlear Implants Int. 2008 Jun;9(2):90-6. doi: 10.1179/cim.2008.9.2.90.
Our aim was to demonstrate whether one causative agent of meningitis is more likely to cause profound hearing loss and labyrinthitis ossificans. We obtained data from the New South Wales health department for cases of meningitis between 1995 and 2005 (1568 cases) and the Sydney Cochlear Implant Centre for cochlear implant patients with hearing loss secondary to meningitis from 1984 to 2005 (70 ears in 59 patients). The aetiological agents were compared with regard to their ability to cause profound hearing loss and cochlear ossification. Neisseria meningitidis resulted in 56.9% of cases of meningitis and 11.4% of the cases of profound hearing loss resulting in cochlear implantation (incidence of profound hearing loss of 0.4%). Streptococcus pneumoniae, however, caused 41.1% of meningitis but 85.7% of cochlear implantation (incidence of 4.6%). Labyrinthitis ossificans was more common after infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae but there was no statistically significant difference between Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae or Neisseria meningitidis for labyrinthitis ossificans (p = 0.45, chi-squared test). In conclusion Neisseria meningitidis meningitis carries a very low risk of profound hearing loss but Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis a significantly higher risk.
我们的目的是证明脑膜炎的某一致病菌是否更有可能导致严重听力损失和骨化性迷路炎。我们从新南威尔士州卫生部获取了1995年至2005年期间的脑膜炎病例数据（1568例），并从悉尼人工耳蜗植入中心获取了1984年至2005年期间因脑膜炎继发听力损失的人工耳蜗植入患者的数据（59例患者共70耳）。比较了不同病原体导致严重听力损失和耳蜗骨化的能力。脑膜炎奈瑟菌导致了56.9%的脑膜炎病例以及11.4%导致人工耳蜗植入的严重听力损失病例（严重听力损失发生率为0.4%）。然而，肺炎链球菌导致了41.1%的脑膜炎病例，但却导致了85.7%的人工耳蜗植入病例（发生率为4.6%）。骨化性迷路炎在感染肺炎链球菌后更为常见，但在肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌或脑膜炎奈瑟菌导致的骨化性迷路炎之间没有统计学上的显著差异（卡方检验，p = 0.45）。总之，脑膜炎奈瑟菌性脑膜炎导致严重听力损失的风险非常低，但肺炎链球菌性脑膜炎的风险则显著更高。
