Schwer Bjoern, Verdin Eric
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Cell Metab. 2008 Feb;7(2):104-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2007.11.006.
Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) proteins, or sirtuins, are protein deacetylases/mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases found in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. Their dependence on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) links their activity to cellular metabolic status. In bacteria, the sirtuin CobB regulates the metabolic enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) synthetase. The earliest function of sirtuins therefore may have been regulation of cellular metabolism in response to nutrient availability. Recent findings support the idea that sirtuins play a pivotal role in metabolic control in higher organisms, including mammals. This review surveys evidence for an emerging role of sirtuins as regulators of metabolism in mammals.
沉默信息调节因子2（Sir2）蛋白，即去乙酰化酶，是一种蛋白质脱乙酰酶/单ADP核糖基转移酶，存在于从细菌到人类的各种生物体中。它们对烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD+）的依赖性将其活性与细胞代谢状态联系起来。在细菌中，去乙酰化酶CobB调节代谢酶乙酰辅酶A（acetyl-CoA）合成酶。因此，去乙酰化酶的最早功能可能是响应营养物质的可利用性来调节细胞代谢。最近的研究结果支持了这样一种观点，即去乙酰化酶在包括哺乳动物在内的高等生物的代谢控制中起着关键作用。这篇综述调查了去乙酰化酶作为哺乳动物代谢调节因子这一新兴作用的证据。
