Zeng W, Liu B
Dept. of Digital Video, Sharp Labs. of America Inc., Camas, WA 98607, USA.
IEEE Trans Image Process. 1999;8(11):1534-48. doi: 10.1109/83.799882.
Digital watermarking has been proposed as the means for copyright protection of multimedia data. Many of existing watermarking schemes focused on the robust means to mark an image invisibly without really addressing the ends of these schemes. This paper first discusses some scenarios in which many current watermarking schemes fail to resolve the rightful ownership of an image. The key problems are then identified, and some crucial requirements for a valid invisible watermark detection are discussed. In particular, we show that, for the particular application of resolving rightful ownership using invisible watermarks, it might be crucial to require that the original image not be directly involved in the watermark detection process. A general framework for validly detecting the invisible watermarks is then proposed. Some requirements on the claimed signature/watermarks to be used for detection are discussed to prevent the existence of any counterfeit scheme. The optimal detection strategy within the framework is derived. We show the effectiveness of this technique based on some visual-model-based watermark encoding schemes.
数字水印已被提议作为多媒体数据版权保护的手段。许多现有的水印方案专注于在不真正解决这些方案目的的情况下，以稳健的方式对图像进行不可见标记。本文首先讨论了一些场景，在这些场景中，许多当前的水印方案未能解决图像的合法所有权问题。然后确定关键问题，并讨论有效检测不可见水印的一些关键要求。特别是，我们表明，对于使用不可见水印解决合法所有权的特定应用，要求原始图像不直接参与水印检测过程可能至关重要。然后提出了一个有效检测不可见水印的通用框架。讨论了对用于检测的声称签名/水印的一些要求，以防止任何伪造方案的存在。推导了该框架内的最优检测策略。基于一些基于视觉模型的水印编码方案，我们展示了该技术的有效性。
