Wadley Haydn N G
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2006 Jan 15;364(1838):31-68. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2005.1697.
Periodic cellular metals with honeycomb and corrugated topologies are widely used for the cores of light weight sandwich panel structures. Honeycombs have closed cell pores and are well suited for thermal protection while also providing efficient load support. Corrugated core structures provide less efficient and highly anisotropic load support, but enable cross flow heat exchange opportunities because their pores are continuous in one direction. Recent advances in topology design and fabrication have led to the emergence of lattice truss structures with open cell structures. These three classes of periodic cellular metals can now be fabricated from a wide variety of structural alloys. Many topologies are found to provide adequate stiffness and strength for structural load support when configured as the cores of sandwich panels. Sandwich panels with core relative densities of 2-10% and cell sizes in the millimetre range are being assessed for use as multifunctional structures. The open, three-dimensional interconnected pore networks of lattice truss topologies provide opportunities for simultaneously supporting high stresses while also enabling cross flow heat exchange. These highly compressible structures also provide opportunities for the mitigation of high intensity dynamic loads created by impacts and shock waves in air or water. By filling the voids with polymers and hard ceramics, these structures have also been found to offer significant resistance to penetration by projectiles.
具有蜂窝状和波纹状拓扑结构的周期性多孔金属被广泛用作轻质夹层板结构的芯材。蜂窝具有封闭的气孔，非常适合热防护，同时还能提供高效的载荷支撑。波纹芯结构提供的载荷支撑效率较低且具有高度各向异性，但由于其气孔在一个方向上是连续的，因而能实现错流热交换。拓扑设计和制造方面的最新进展导致了具有开孔结构的晶格桁架结构的出现。现在可以用多种结构合金制造这三类周期性多孔金属。许多拓扑结构在配置为夹层板的芯材时，被发现能为结构载荷支撑提供足够的刚度和强度。芯材相对密度为2 - 10%且单元尺寸在毫米范围内的夹层板正在被评估用作多功能结构。晶格桁架拓扑结构开放的三维互连孔隙网络为同时支撑高应力和实现错流热交换提供了机会。这些高度可压缩的结构还为减轻空气或水中冲击和冲击波产生的高强度动态载荷提供了机会。通过用聚合物和硬质陶瓷填充孔隙，还发现这些结构对弹丸穿透具有显著的抵抗力。
