Robertson Madeline, Pfefferbaum Betty, Codispoti Catherine R, Montgomery Juliann M
Department of Health Administration and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Am J Disaster Med. 2007 May-Jun;2(3):133-42.
The process of integrating all necessary authorities and disciplines into an organized preparedness plan is complex, and the inclusion of disaster mental health poses specific challenges. The goals of this project were (1) to identify whether state mental health preparedness was included in state public health and emergency management preparedness plans, (2) to document barriers to entry and strategies reportedly used by state authorities in efforts to incorporate reasonable mental health preparedness into existing public health and emergency management preparedness planning, (3) to employ a theory for organizational change to organize and synthesize this information, and (4) to stimulate further discussion and research supporting coordinated preparedness efforts at the state level, particularly those inclusive of mental health. To accomplish these goals we (1) counted the number of state public health preparedness and emergency management plans that either included, mentioned, or omitted a mental health preparedness plan; (2) interviewed key officials from nine representative states for their reports on strategies used in seeking greater inclusion of mental health preparedness in public health and emergency management preparedness planning; and (3) synthesized these results to contribute to the national dialogue on coordinating disaster preparedness, particularly with respect to mental health preparedness. We found that 15 out of 29 publicly available public health preparedness plans (52 percent) included mental health preparedness, and eight of 43 publicly available emergency management plans (18 percent) incorporated mental health. Interviewees reported numerous barriers and strategies, which we cataloged according to a well-accepted eight-step plan for transforming organizations.
将所有必要的部门和学科整合到一个有组织的应急准备计划的过程是复杂的,而纳入灾难心理健康则带来了特定的挑战。本项目的目标是:(1)确定州心理健康应急准备是否包含在州公共卫生和应急管理应急准备计划中;(2)记录州政府部门在努力将合理的心理健康应急准备纳入现有公共卫生和应急管理应急准备规划时所报告的准入障碍和使用的策略;(3)运用组织变革理论来整理和综合这些信息;(4)激发进一步的讨论和研究,以支持州一级的协调应急准备工作,特别是那些包含心理健康的工作。为实现这些目标,我们:(1)统计了包含、提及或遗漏心理健康应急准备计划的州公共卫生应急准备和应急管理计划的数量;(2)采访了九个有代表性的州的主要官员,了解他们在寻求将心理健康应急准备更多地纳入公共卫生和应急管理应急准备规划中所采用策略的报告;(3)综合这些结果,为全国关于协调灾难应急准备,特别是心理健康应急准备的对话做出贡献。我们发现,29份公开可得的公共卫生应急准备计划中有15份(52%)包含心理健康应急准备,43份公开可得的应急管理计划中有8份(18%)纳入了心理健康。受访者报告了许多障碍和策略,我们根据一个广泛认可的组织变革八步计划对其进行了分类。